Hadrian's Wall

Published: July 11, 2026 · Updated: July 11, 2026

122–c. 128

Hadrian's Wall is a Roman defensive wall built across northern England from about AD 122 on the orders of the emperor Hadrian. It marked the north-western frontier of the Roman Empire.

Hadrian's Wall — Author: Steven Fruitsmaak Public domain Source

Overview

Running roughly 117 km (80 Roman miles) from the Tyne to the Solway, the wall was built of stone by the legions, with a fort about every Roman mile, larger garrison forts, a ditch, and a rearward earthwork called the Vallum. Substantial stretches and several forts, such as Housesteads, still stand.

Description

It controlled movement and trade across the frontier and displayed Roman power rather than sealing the border absolutely. Named after Hadrian, who visited Britain in 122, it was briefly superseded northward by the Antonine Wall before the frontier fell back to it.

History and legacy

Hadrian’s Wall is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and the best-known monument of Roman Britain, its path now a National Trail. It remains a rich source for understanding the Roman army and frontier life.

Periods

Roman Britain 43–410

Regions

Britain