Who they were
Narmer was a king of Upper Egypt, fl. c. 3100 BC, from the Thinite/Hierakonpolis royal line. He is regarded as the unifier of Upper and Lower Egypt and the first king of the 1st Dynasty. His name is written with the catfish and chisel hieroglyphs.
What they did
The Narmer Palette, found at Hierakonpolis, shows him wearing the crowns of both Upper and Lower Egypt. Other attestations include the Narmer Macehead and inscriptions and serekhs found across Egypt and as far as the southern Levant, suggesting wide trade or control. He was buried at Abydos, in the Umm el-Qaab cemetery.
Legacy
Narmer stands at the starting point of the dynastic king lists. He is often identified with the legendary Menes of later king lists, though the identification remains debated among Egyptologists. The Narmer Palette is one of the most famous artifacts of early Egypt and ranks among the earliest large narrative artworks.